Naho ubuhinga bwa moteri ya dizeli bushobora kuba bufise ibihimba vyinshi, igice kimwe gitoyi kiratuma moteri iguma ivuza induru. Ako gace gatoyi ni ibikoresho bitera amavuta, bikaba ari igice nyamukuru c’uburyo bwo gutera amavuta mu modoka.
Amashirahamwe menshi yarakoresheje amadolari menshi mu bikorwa vy’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere kugira ngo akoreshe neza ako gace gatoyi kuko gafise ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y’ibinyabiziga bikoresha moteri za dizeli.
Yaba mu modoka, mu bikamyo, mu modoka zitagenda mu nzira, canke mu modoka zikora cane, injectors zifise uruhara runini mu gusobanura ubushobozi bwa moteri mu bijanye n’ugukoresha neza amavuta, ivyuka biva mu bidukikije, n’ubuzima buramba.
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzokwihweza isi yose y’ibikoresho vy’ugutera amavuta ya dizeli n’imirongo yavyo, dutanguriye ku kumenya-ingene moteri za dizeli zikora n’uruhara ibikoresho vy’ugutera amavuta y’ibinyabiziga bigira mu nzira y’uguturika.
Ingene Moteri za Dizeli zikora?
Ivyo binyabiziga vyose bikoresha amavuta ya peteroli n’ay’amavuta ya dizele bikoresha ubuhinga bwo gukoresha umuriro wo mu mutima. Bitandukanye n’ingene amavuta y’ibinyabiziga yinjizwa mu cumba c’umuriro kugira ngo umuriro ukore.
Mu moteri z’amavuta ya peteroli, umuyaga-umuvango w’amavuta y’ibinyabiziga urasha mu cumba c’umuriro n’umuriro uva ku giciro c’umuriro.
Kubera ko ata n’amatara y’umuriro ari muri moteri za dizeli, uguturika kubaho iyo amavuta yinjijwe ataco akora mu cumba mu gihe c’ugutera umuriro. Mu gihe c’ugukomera, umuvuduko n’ubushuhe bw’umuyaga biri mu cumba birarushirizaho gutuma umuyaga-umuriro w’amavuta ushobora gucana.
Uruhara rw'ibikoresho bitera dizeli
Akazi k’ico gikoresho co gutera amavuta ya dizeli ni ugutanga igitigiri nyaco kandi gipimwa n’amavuta y’atome ku gihe nyaco. Bishobora kumvikana ko vyoroshe, ariko hariho ubuhinga bwinshi buja muri ivyo.
Ivyo bihambaye cane vyashitsweko mu guteza imbere moteri za dizeli bishobora guterwa ata guca ku ruhande n’iterambere ry’ubuhinga bwo gutera injector.
Injector itegerezwa gutuma amavuta ashika neza naho nyene imbere mu cumba hari umuvuduko mwinshi n’ubushuhe bwinshi. Inguvu z’injector zishobora gushika ku 36.000 PSIG (inguvu z’ikirere ni nk’1 PSIG), kandi ubushuhe burashobora gushika ku 1000 degrees Fahrenheit.
Kubera iterambere ry’ubuhinga bw’injector, igiciro caco gishobora gushika kuri 30% vy’igiciro cose ca moteri.
Uko moteri ubwayo ikora be n’ingene ikozwe biragira ico bikoze cane ku kuntu moteri ubwayo ikora.
Ugukoresha neza amavuta, ibiranga urusaku, n’ingero z’ibidukikije biva ku buhinga n’imiterere y’ivyo bikoresho bitera amavuta.
Gusobanura uburyo bwo gutera amavuta ya dizeli:
Kugira ngo umenye ingene ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibikoresho vy’ugutera amavuta ya dizeli bikora, birahambaye ko utahura uburyo amavuta y’ibinyabiziga akoreshwa. Igihimba cose kiri muri iyo nzira hamwe n’ibikoresho bitera amavuta birafise uruhara rudasanzwe mu gutuma amavuta y’ibinyabiziga aterwa neza. Akira ibihimba vya moteri ya dizeli:
1. Umutwe:
Mu mutima w’injector yose hariho umutwe. Ico gikoresho ni agace gatoyi k’ico gikoresho gitera umuriro gitera umuriro mu gihu gitoyi c’utudodo dutoduto imbere y’uko gishobora guterwa mu cumba c’umuriro. Guhindura amavuta y’ibinyabiziga ni ikintu gihambaye cane kugira ngo umuriro ushobore guturika ningoga kandi neza.
Ico gikoresho gikoreshwa mu buryo bubereye-kugira ngo uburyo bwo gutera amavuta bube buhuye kugira ngo umuriro ugere ku buryo bubereye kandi bushitse.
2. Urushinge
Igipfukisho c’urushinge, kizwi kandi kw’izina ry’igipfukisho co kugenzura, gikorana n’igipfukisho c’urushinge. Ico gikoresho c’urushinge kiratunganya ingene amavuta agenda mu gufungura no gufunga umutwe w’injector. Iryo tegeko ni ngirakamaro kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kumenya neza igihe n’ingero, ivyo bikaba bituma moteri ikora neza mu bihe bitandukanye.
3. Solenoyide
Solenoide ni uruzitiro rw’umuyagankuba ruri mu ntungamubiri zikora nk’uruzitiro rw’umuyagankuba. Ico gikoresho citwa solenoide gisubiza ibimenyetso vy’umuyagankuba biva ku gikoresho co kugenzura umuyagankuba (ECU), kikaba ari co gishingiye ku gufungura canke gufunga igikoresho co gutera umuyagankuba.
Iyumvire ECU nk’igice gifise porogarama gitanga amabwirizwa ku bihimba nyamukuru vyo mu modoka, harimwo n’ibikoresho bitera amazi n’ibikoresho bitera amazi.
Solenoide ituma iyo injector ishobora gutanga igitigiri nyaco c’amavuta ku gihe kibereye, ivyo bikaba bifasha mu gutuma umuriro uturika neza.
4. Ipompa y'umuvuduko munini-
Nk’uko izina ribivuga, igikorwa c’ipompa y’umuvuduko munini-ni ugutanga inguvu nyinshi no gutera umuvuduko w’amavuta kugira ngo ashobore gutsinda umuvuduko munini uri imbere mu cumba maze akaguma atera amavuta atome. Hariho uburyo bwo gukoresha amapompa y’amashini be n’uburyo bwo gukoresha amapompa y’amabarabara asanzwe, buri bumwe bukaba bufise akamaro kabwo bwihariye.
5. Imirongo y'amavuta n'ibiyunguruzo vy'amavuta
Imirongo y’amavuta ni uruzitiro rukomeye rw’imiyoboro n’imiyoboro itwara amavuta ava mu gitereko akaja mu gitereko. Ikosa ryose canke ivyonona imirongo y’amavuta bishobora gutuma umuvuduko ugabanuka bikagira ico bikoze ku mikorere y’ibikoresho vy’amavuta.
Ivyuma biyungurura amavuta bikuraho ibintu bihumanye mu mavuta kuko ibintu bishobora kwonona ibihimba vy’umubiri nk’ibikoresho vy’ugutera amavuta. Mu bisanzwe, ukuyungurura bibera mu ntambwe nyinshi, guhera ku gitereko canke ku pompe y’ugukura, hanyuma hakaza inzira ya mbere n’iya kabiri y’ukuyungurura.
Ubwoko bw’ibikoresho vy’amazi:
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibikoresho bitera amavuta, kimwe cose kikaba gifise akamaro kaco n’aho kigarukira. Ubwoko bumwe bumwe bw’injector y’amavuta buraboneka aha hepfo:
Injectors z'Igice: Ivyo bifatanya ipompo n’umurongo w’amazi mu kintu kimwe, bikaba bitanga umwanya mwiza. Ariko rero, ziratera ingorane mu gusanura no kuzibungabunga kubera ukuntu zigoye cane.
Injectors z'ibarabara ry'umuyagankuba: Bikoreshwa n’umurongo w’amavuta y’umuvuduko munini-, izo injectors zituma amavuta ashobora gutangwa neza ku bihe vy’ukuri ku ma injectors menshi.
Injectors zikoreshwa n'amazi: Gukoresha umuvuduko w’amazi kugira ngo ukoreshe umupfunda, izo nkoko zigura amahera menshi kandi ziroroshe kuruta ibindi bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none ariko zishobora gutuma zidakora neza.
Injectors z'umuyagankuba: Bikoresha amakirisitayo y’umuyagankuba kugira ngo bigenzure amazi, bituma amavuta ashika neza kandi ashika ku gihe, naho nyene bitwara amahera menshi.
Gucungera injectors zawe z’amavuta:
Nk’uko bigenda ku bihimba vyose vy’imodoka, gucungera ubudasiba kandi ku rutonde uburyo bwo gutera inshinge n’ibikoresho vyo gutera inshinge ni ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gukoresha neza amavuta, kugira ngo agire urusaku rwiza, no kugenzura ivyuka biva mu modoka. Ehe ingene ushobora kubungabunga uburyo bwo gutera inshinge:
Koresha igitoro c'agaciro kanini-: Urabe neza ko amavuta yawe ya dizeli atagira ibintu bihumanye naho woba ufise amayunguruzo nk’igice c’uburyo bwo gutera amavuta.
Subirizaho amayunguruzo y'amavuta: Ivyunyuro vy’amavuta y’ibinyabiziga biza n’ubuzima buke busobanurwa n’uwabikoze. Raba neza ko amayunguruzo ahindurwa nk'uko OEM ibisaba. Amayunguruzo yazibiye aragira ico akoze ku nzira y’amavuta kandi arashobora kwonona injectors zizimvye.
Koresha igikoresho co gusukura urushinge: Gusukura igikoresho co gutera inshinge mu bihe bitandukanye ukoresheje igikoresho co gusukura gikenewe bizokurwako ibizibira n'umwanda biri mu gikoresho co gutera inshinge .
Injectors zawe zisuzumwe kandi zikoreshwe n'abahinga: Gusuzuma no gukoreshwa ubudasiba n’abamekanishije b’abahinga birashobora gufasha kumenya ingorane imbere y’igihe .
Gutuma moteri ya dizeli ikora neza cane hakoreshejwe injectors zibereye:
Gutahura utuntu dutoduto tw’ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibikoresho bitera amavuta ya dizeli be n’uburyo bwo kubitera biratuma ba nyen’ibinyabiziga bamenya uruhara ruhambaye bafise mu kubungabunga ubushobozi bukomeye bw’amamoteri ya dizeli. Ivyo bikoresho bitobito ariko bikomeye ni vyo bifasha imashini yawe ikomeye y’amavuta ya dizeli!
Ku bafise amavuta ya dizeli barondera ubuhinga bwo gutera injector canke ibihimba vyiza, ntimurondere kure y’ibikoresho vya dizeli Inc.
Twizeye cane gusanura, gusubira kwubaka no kugerageza ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibikoresho bitera injection za dizeli, amapompo, n’ibindi bihimba bihambaye vya moteri ya dizeli.
Niba uriko uragura ama injectors mashasha canke yubatswe, bwira Diesel Fuel Components Inc. canke uduhamagare kuri (800) 252-6625
Gumana inzu yawe y’amashanyarazi ya dizeli iri mu mimerere myiza n’infashanyo yacu y’abahinga.
